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Diagnosis And Testing - A/C Expansion Valve

WARNING:

Review the warnings and cautions for this system before performing the procedure. Failure to follow these instructions may result in serious or fatal injury.

NOTE:

Liquid CO2 is required to test the A/C expansion valve. This material is available from most welding supply facilities. Liquid CO2 is also available from companies which service and sell fire extinguishers. DO NOT use any type of refrigerant for this test.

When testing the A/C expansion valve, the work area and the vehicle temperature must be 21-27°C (70-85°F). To test the expansion valve:

NOTE:

The A/C expansion valve should only be tested following testing of the A/C compressor.

  1. Verify the A/C compressor is operating to design standards. Refer to DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING .
  2. Connect a charging station or manifold gauge set to the refrigerant system service ports. Verify the refrigerant charge level.
  3. Close all doors and windows.
  4. Set the A/C heater controls in the Integrated Center Stack (ICS) Module to the following positions:
    • temperature control to full warm
    • mode control to floor
    • blower motor control to high speed
  5. Start the engine and allow it to idle. After the engine has reached normal operating temperature, allow the passenger compartment to heat up. This will create the need for maximum refrigerant flow into the A/C evaporator.
  6. With passenger compartment heated up, set the A/C heater controls in the ICS module to the following positions:
    • A/C compressor engaged
    • temperature control to full cold
    • mode control to panel
    • blower motor control to high speed
  7. With the correct refrigerant charge level, the high pressure gauge should read approximately 930-1725 kPa (135-250 psi) and the low pressure gauge should read approximately 175-380 kPa (25-55 psi). If OK, go to Step 8  . If not OK, replace the faulty A/C expansion valve.
    WARNING:

    Protect the skin and eyes from exposure to liquid CO2 or possible serious injury can result.

  8. If the low pressure gauge reads within the specified range, freeze the A/C expansion valve for 30 seconds using liquid CO2 or another suitable super-cold material. Do not spray any type of refrigerant on the A/C expansion valve for this test.  The low pressure gauge reading should drop by 70 kPa (10 psi). If OK, go to Step 9  . If not OK, replace the faulty A/C expansion valve.
  9. Allow the expansion valve control head to thaw. The low pressure gauge reading should stabilize at approximately 175-380 kPa (25-55 psi). If not OK, replace the faulty A/C expansion valve.
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